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Psicothema was founded in Asturias (northern Spain) in 1989, and is published jointly by the Psychology Faculty of the University of Oviedo and the Psychological Association of the Principality of Asturias (Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos del Principado de Asturias).
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Psicothema, 2008. Vol. Vol. 20 (nº 4). 745-752




Factores asociados a la emergencia de patrones diferenciales de la motivación en el trabajo

Carlos Arrieta, José Navarro* y Susana Vicente*

Universidad de Costa Rica y * Universidad de Barcelona

Diferentes investigaciones usando diseños longitudinales han logrado identificar que la motivación en el trabajo se comporta principalmente de forma caótica y excepcionalmente mostrando otro tipo de comportamientos (lineal o azaroso). Sin embargo, hasta el momento no se ha estudiado acerca de los factores explicativos de la emergencia de estos patrones distintos. Con el objetivo de afrontar esta cuestión, 73 trabajadores, cuyo patrón motivacional era conocido, fueron entrevistados con el fin de estudiar de manera exploratoria una serie de aspectos de su trabajo. Los resultados revelaron que el patrón caótico se asoció a altos valores de motivación, autoeficacia y percepción de instrumentalidad, orientación a metas personales intrínsecas y a una alta percepción de control sobre el trabajo. Frente a ellos el patrón lineal se asoció con metas extrínsecas y una percepción del trabajo como difícil y el patrón azaroso apareció asociado con una alta flexibilidad en el trabajo.

Variables related to the emergence of differential patterns in work motivation. Several longitudinal studies have shown that motivation at work acts chaotically. In very few cases, it may be linear or random. However, the factors that might explain why these different patterns emerge have not been analysed to date. In this exploratory study, we interviewed 73 employees whose motivational patterns were previously known. The results revealed that chaotic patterns were associated with high levels of motivation, self-efficacy beliefs, and perceptions of instrumentality, and also with intrinsic personal goal orientation and a perception of high work control. Linear patterns were associated with extrinsic goals and a perception of work as difficult, and random patterns were linked to high flexibility at work.

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