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Psicothema was founded in Asturias (northern Spain) in 1989, and is published jointly by the Psychology Faculty of the University of Oviedo and the Psychological Association of the Principality of Asturias (Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos del Principado de Asturias).
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Psicothema, 2010. Vol. Vol. 22 (nº 3). 389-395




Prevalencia de problemas de salud mental y su asociación con variables socioeconómicas, de trabajo y salud: resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud de España

Kátia Bones Rocha, Katherine Pérez*, Maica Rodríguez-Sanz*, Carme Borrell* y Jordi E. Obiols

Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona y * CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona

El objetivo del estudio es conocer la prevalencia de personas con problemas de salud mental en España y su asociación con variables socioeconómicas, de trabajo y salud. Se trata de un estudio transversal con los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud de España (2006) en el que participaron 29.476 personas (16 y 64 años). El instrumento de cribado de problemas de salud mental utilizado es el General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y de regresión logística para verificar la asociación entre la prevalencia de problemas de salud mental y las variables independientes. La prevalencia de problemas de salud mental es mayor en mujeres (24,6%) que en hombres (14,7%). Las variables más asociadas a una mayor prevalencia de problemas de salud mental son estar separado o divorciado, ser inmigrante de un país en vías de desarrollo, tener peores condiciones socioeconómicas, tener poco apoyo social (hombres OR 3,6; mujeres OR 3,3), estar desempleado o en baja laboral, tener enfermedades crónicas, estar limitado/a en la realización de actividades cotidianas en función de un problema de salud (hombres OR 7,5; mujeres OR 7,1). Estos resultados permiten la identificación de grupos de la población más vulnerables y pueden ser de utilidad para diseñar intervenciones.

Prevalence of mental health problems and their association with socioeconomic, work and health variables: Findings from the Spain National Health Survey. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of people with mental health problems in Spain and their association with socioeconomic, health and work variables. This is a cross-sectional study with data from the National Health Survey of Spain including 29,476 non-institutionalized people between 16 and 64 years of age. The screening instrument of mental health problems used is the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Descriptive analyses were performed, and logistic regression was used to verify the association between the prevalence of mental health problems and independent variables, by calculating odds ratios (OR) and the confidence interval. The prevalence of mental health problems is higher in women (24.6%) than in men (14.7%). The variables associated with an increased prevalence of mental health problems are being separated or divorced, being an immigrant from a developing country (men OR 1.3; women OR 1.5), having little social support (men OR 3.6; women OR 3.3), being unemployed or on sick leave, having chronic diseases, and being restricted or severely restricted in one’s daily activities because of a health problem (men OR 7.5; women OR 7.1). These results allow the identification of the most vulnerable population groups and may be useful to design interventions.

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Impact factor 2022:  JCR WOS 2022:  FI = 3.6 (Q2);  JCI = 1.21 (Q1) / SCOPUS 2022:  SJR = 1.097;  CiteScore = 6.4 (Q1)