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Psicothema was founded in Asturias (northern Spain) in 1989, and is published jointly by the Psychology Faculty of the University of Oviedo and the Psychological Association of the Principality of Asturias (Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos del Principado de Asturias).
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Psicothema, 2011. Vol. Vol. 23 (nº 3). 349-355




Associations between parental educational/occupational levels and cognitive performance in Spanish adolescents: The AVENA study

Ruth Castillo1, Jonatan R. Ruiz2,3, Palma Chillón2, David Jiménez-Pavón4,2, Ligia Esperanza-Díaz5, Luis A. Moreno4 and Francisco B. Ortega3,2

1 University of Málaga,
2 University of Granada,
3 Karolinska Institutet (Sweden),
4 University of Zaragoza and
5 Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

We examined the associations between parental educational/occupational levels and cognitive performance in Spanish adolescents. Cognitive performance was measured by a validated Scholar Aptitudes test in 2,162 participants. Parental educational and occupational levels were positively associated with all specific cognitive abilities and the overall score (p<001 to .04). The odds ratios of having a high cognitive performance (top quartile) in adolescents with high parental educational level were 1.6 to 1.7 times higher than for those with a low parental educational level. Similarly, the odds ratios were 1.9 to 2.4 times higher for adolescents with high parental occupational level. These findings suggest an association between parental educational/occupational levels and cognitive performance in Spanish adolescents and support the parents’ role in the creation of a stimulating intellectual environment.

Asociaciones entre el nivel educativo/profesional de los padres y rendimiento cognitivo en adolescentes españoles: el estudio AVENA. Se examinaron las asociaciones entre el nivel educativo/profesional de los padres y el rendimiento cognitivo de adolescentes españoles. El rendimiento cognitivo se midió mediante un test validado de inteligencia en 2.162 participantes. El nivel educativo y profesional de los padres se asoció positivamente con todas las habilidades cognitivas específicas y la puntuación total (p<0,001 a 0,04). La probabilidad de que los adolescentes tuvieran un alto rendimiento cognitivo (cuartil superior) y padres con nivel educativo alto fue de 1,6 a 1,7 veces superior al de aquellos con padres de bajo nivel educativo. Del mismo modo, las probabilidades fueron de 1,9 a 2,4 veces mayor para los adolescentes con padres de nivel profesional alto. Estos resultados sugieren una asociación entre la educación/profesión de los padres y los niveles de rendimiento cognitivo en adolescentes y confirman el papel que desempeñan los padres en la creación de un entorno intelectual estimulante.

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