INFORMATION

Psicothema was founded in Asturias (northern Spain) in 1989, and is published jointly by the Psychology Faculty of the University of Oviedo and the Psychological Association of the Principality of Asturias (Colegio Oficial de Psicología del Principado de Asturias).
We currently publish four issues per year, which accounts for some 100 articles annually. We admit work from both the basic and applied research fields, and from all areas of Psychology, all manuscripts being anonymously reviewed prior to publication.

PSICOTHEMA
  • Director: Laura E. Gómez Sánchez
  • Frequency:
         February | May | August | November
  • Digital Edition:: 1886-144X
CONTACT US
  • Address: Ildelfonso Sánchez del Río, 4, 1º B
    33001 Oviedo (Spain)
  • Phone: 985 285 778
  • Fax: 985 281 374
  • Email:psicothema@cop.es

Digital Therapeutic Interventions for Suicide Prevention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Their Effectiveness in Reducing Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts

Ainize Sarrionandia1, Maria Ruiz-Iriondo2, Irene Izquierdo-Sanchez1, Andrea Gabilondo2,3, Craig J. Bryan4, Jon García-Ormaza5,6, Alexander Muela1,2


1 University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU (Spain)
2 Biogipuzkoa Health Research Centre (Spain) , 3 Gipuzkoa OMH Network, Osakidetza (Spain) , 4 University of Vermont (USA) , 5 Biobizkaia Health Research Institute (Spain)
6 Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Zamudio Hospital (Spain) ,

Abstract: Background: Although digital interventions show potential for reducing suicidal ideation and behavior, the evidence base is mixed and characterized by methodological variability. This study synthesizes randomized clinical trials that have evaluated their effectiveness. Method: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Seventeen studies (N = 5,089) met the inclusion criteria. Effect sizes were estimated using random-effects models, and we conducted analyses for type of control group (traditional vs. active), moderators (age, delivery setting, and intervention format), and follow-up. Heterogeneity and publication bias were also examined. Results: Digital interventions significantly reduced suicidal ideation (g = -0.61), with effects maintained at follow-up (g = -0.77). Significant effects were observed with respect to both traditional and active controls. There was a moderate reduction in relative risk of suicide attempts, although it was not statistically significant. Moderator analysis indicated a greater effect for clinical populations, self-guided interventions, and younger participants. There was no robust evidence of publication bias. Conclusions: Digital interventions may represent a promising complementary approach for reducing suicidal ideation and potentially lowering suicide risk. However, the findings should be interpreted cautiously given the heterogeneity of the studies and the limited evidence regarding suicide attempts.


Resumen: Antecedentes: Las intervenciones digitales han mostrado potencial para reducir la ideación y la conducta suicida, pero la evidencia disponible es heterogénea. Este estudio sintetiza los hallazgos de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que han evaluado su eficacia. Método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis siguiendo las directrices PRISMA. Se incluyeron 17 estudios (N = 5.089). Los tamaños del efecto se estimaron mediante modelos de efectos aleatorios y se realizaron análisis por tipo de grupo control (tradicional vs. activo), moderadores (edad, contexto de aplicación y modalidad de intervención), seguimiento, heterogeneidad y sesgo de publicación. Resultados: Las intervenciones digitales redujeron significativamente la ideación suicida (g = -0.61), manteniéndose los efectos en el seguimiento (g = -0.77). Se observaron efectos significativos frente a controles tradicionales y activos. En los intentos de suicidio se observó una reducción del riesgo de magnitud moderada, aunque sin significación estadística. Los efectos fueron mayores en muestras clínicas, intervenciones autoguiadas y participantes jóvenes. No se detectó evidencia robusta de sesgo de publicación. Conclusiones: Las intervenciones digitales pueden constituir una estrategia complementaria prometedora para reducir la ideación suicida y potencialmente disminuir el riesgo suicida. No obstante, los resultados deben interpretarse con cautela debido a la heterogeneidad de los estudios y a la limitada evidencia disponible sobre los intentos de suicidio.

PDF

Factor Impacto JCR SSCI 2024 = 3.5 (Q1) · JIF percentile 2024 = 88.1 · JCI = 1.32 | CiteScore SCOPUS 2025 = 7.3 (Q1) · SJR 2025 = 1.075 · SNIP 2024 = 1.458