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Psicothema was founded in Asturias (northern Spain) in 1989, and is published jointly by the Psychology Faculty of the University of Oviedo and the Psychological Association of the Principality of Asturias (Colegio Oficial de Psicología del Principado de Asturias).
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Psicothema, 2010. Vol. Vol. 22 (nº 4). 600-605




Personalidad resistente, autoeficacia y estado general de salud en profesionales de Enfermería de cuidados intensivos y urgencias

María Isabel Ríos Rísquez, Julio Sánchez Meca* y Carmen Godoy Fernández*

Hospital Morales Meseguer y * Universidad de Murcia

En este estudio se analiza la capacidad predictiva de la personalidad resistente y la autoeficacia generalizada sobre la percepción del estado general de salud en una muestra de profesionales de enfermería de Urgencias y Cuidados Intensivos. Se utilizó un diseño retrospectivo de corte transversal, empleando como instrumentos de medida un cuestionario de variables sociodemográficas y laborales, el cuestionario de salud GHQ-28 de Goldberg, la escala de autoeficacia generalizada de Baessler y Schwarzer, y la subescala de personalidad resistente del cuestionario de desgaste profesional en enfermería (CDPE) de Moreno. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que las variables individuales de autoeficacia generalizada y personalidad resistente están estadísticamente relacionadas y en sentido positivo. El análisis de correlación canónica realizado sobre los síntomas de malestar psíquico tomando como predictores la autoeficacia y la personalidad resistente permite destacar la relevancia del constructo de personalidad resistente global como predictor y, por tanto, como factor protector frente a la aparición de malestar psíquico en la muestra de profesionales estudiados. Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones clínicas de los resultados.

Hardy personality, self-efficacy, and general health in nursing professionals of Intensive and Emergency Services. In this study, the predictive power of hardy personality and generalized self-efficacy on general health perception was investigated in a sample of nursing personnel working in emergency and intensive care services. A cross-sectional retrospective design was used, and the following measurement instruments were applied: a sociodemographic and work questionnaire, Goldberg’s GHQ-28 Health Questionnaire, the Baessler and Schwarzer General Self-efficacy Questionnaire, and the Hardy Personality Subscale of Moreno’s Nursing Burnout Questionnaire (CDPE). The results revealed a positive and statistically significant relationship between the individual variables of generalized self-efficacy and hardy personality. A canonical correlation analysis carried out on the psychological distress symptoms with self-efficacy and hardy personality as predictor variables, led us to emphasize the relevance of the construct total hardy personality as a predictor and, consequently, as a protective factor against the onset of psychological distress symptoms in the sample of professionals studied. Lastly, the implications of the results for clinical practice are discussed.

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