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Psicothema, 2011. Vol. Vol. 23 (nº 4). 666-671




Sex differences in oppositional defiant disorder

Esther Trepat de Ancos and Lourdes Ezpeleta Ascaso

Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona

The goal was to analyze the sex differences in symptoms, comorbidity and functional impairment in outpatient children with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). A sample of 343 children, aged 8 to 17 years and diagnosed with ODD, were assessed with a semi-structured diagnostic interview and dimensional measures of psychopathology and functional impairment. Boys with ODD more frequently displayed the symptoms «deliberately annoys» and «blames others», presented comorbid ADHD, and had greater functional impairment in school and community contexts; girls presented higher comorbidity with internalizing symptomatology (anxiety, depression and somatic complaints). Given that some clinical differences are apparent in ODD between boys and girls, it is necessary to consider the sex of the patient in order to identify and treat this disorder efficiently and effectively in boys and in girls.

Diferencias de sexo en el trastorno negativista desafiante. El objetivo es analizar las diferencias de sexo en la prevalencia, sintomatología, comorbilidad y deterioro funcional en pacientes externos con Trastorno Negativista Desafiante (TND). Una muestra de 343 niños y adolescentes de entre 8 y 17 años diagnosticados de TND fueron evaluados con una entrevista diagnóstica semiestructurada y otras medidas dimensionales de psicopatología y deterioro funcional. Los niños con TND mostraron con mayor frecuencia los síntomas «molestar deliberadamente» y «acusar a otros», mayor comorbilidad con trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad y mayor deterioro funcional en el colegio y en la comunidad; las niñas presentaron mayor comorbilidad con sintomatología interiorizada (ansiedad, depresión y quejas somáticas). Niños y niñas presentan un cuadro clínico de TND con algunas diferencias. Es necesario adoptar una perspectiva de sexo para identificar y tratar el TND de manera eficaz y eficiente en niños y en niñas.

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