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Psicothema was founded in Asturias (northern Spain) in 1989, and is published jointly by the Psychology Faculty of the University of Oviedo and the Psychological Association of the Principality of Asturias (Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos del Principado de Asturias).
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Psicothema, 2010. Vol. Vol. 22 (nº 3). 357-362




Trastornos de personalidad y abstinencia del consumo de tabaco en un tratamiento psicológico para dejar de fumar

Elena Fernández del Río, Ana López Durán y Elisardo Becoña Iglesias

Universidad de Santiago de Compostela

Se estudia la relación entre la presencia de trastornos de personalidad y la eficacia de un tratamiento psicológico para dejar de fumar, medida en términos de abstinencia, al final del tratamiento y en los seguimientos de 6 y 12 meses. La muestra estuvo formada por 202 fumadores que recibieron el tratamiento psicológico Programa para dejar de fumar de Becoña. Para la evaluación de los trastornos de personalidad se utilizó el Inventario Clínico Multiaxial de Millon (MCMI-II). La abstinencia al final del tratamiento y en los seguimientos de 6 y 12 meses se confirmó con una prueba de monóxido de carbono en aire espirado. Los resultados muestran que no existen diferencias en el porcentaje de sujetos abstinentes con y sin trastornos de personalidad al final del tratamiento. A los 6 meses el porcentaje de sujetos abstinentes es significativamente superior en los fumadores con un trastorno de personalidad antisocial. En cambio, a los 6 y 12 meses el porcentaje de sujetos abstinentes es significativamente inferior en los fumadores con un trastorno de personalidad por dependencia. Se concluye que no todos los trastornos de personalidad repercuten negativamente en el abandono del consumo de tabaco ni en el mantenimiento de la abstinencia.

Personality disorders and abstinence from tobacco consumption in a psychological treatment to stop smoking. The relationship between the presence of personality disorders and the effectiveness of a psychological treatment to stop smoking, measured in terms of abstinence at the end of treatment and at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups was studied. The sample was made up of 202 smokers who received Becoña’s psychological treatment called Program to stop smoking. The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-II) was used to assess personality disorders. Abstinence at the end of treatment and at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups was confirmed by a test of carbon monoxide in exhaled air. The results revealed no differences in the percentage of abstinent individuals with and without personality disorders at the end of treatment. At 6 months, the percentage of abstinent individuals was significantly higher in smokers with an antisocial personality disorder. However, the percentage of abstinent individuals was significantly lower in smokers with a dependent personality disorder at 6 and 12 months. We conclude that not all personality disorders have a negative impact either on smoking cessation or on maintaining abstinence.

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