Psicothema was founded in Asturias (northern Spain) in 1989, and is published jointly by the Psychology Faculty of the University of Oviedo and the Psychological Association of the Principality of Asturias (Colegio Oficial de Psicología del Principado de Asturias).
We currently publish four issues per year, which accounts for some 100 articles annually. We admit work from both the basic and applied research fields, and from all areas of Psychology, all manuscripts being anonymously reviewed prior to publication.
Psicothema, 2011. Vol. Vol. 23 (nº 2). 180-188
María Teresa Coello y Juan Fernández
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Tras la cuádruple tipología de género (década de los setenta), un nuevo modelo dual surgió en los ochenta: personas con esquema de género frente a las no esquemáticas. En el presente trabajo se examina la relación entre estas categorías y las actitudes hacia las mujeres, utilizando el Bem Sex Role Inventory y Attitudes Towards Women Scale. Se llevaron a cabo dos estudios con adolescentes (chicos y chicas) de 12 a 14 años: el primero (2001) con 359 participantes y el de réplica (2009) con 224. Se realizaron análisis factoriales y ANOVAS. Los resultados, de ambos estudios, apoyan la hipótesis de que las adolescentes muestran una actitud más favorable que los adolescentes hacia las mujeres. Las personas femeninas o andróginas respondieron de forma semejante, pero de modo diferente al resto. Los varones masculinos y las mujeres femeninas no mostraron diferencias en las actitudes hacia las mujeres frente a las personas sin esquema de género o de género cruzado. Respecto a las posibles diferencias entre los esquemáticos típicos frente a los atípicos y las de los esquemáticos frente a los indiferenciados, los resultados son discrepantes. Se establecen las implicaciones tanto para los instrumentos utilizados como para las teorías subyacentes.
Attitude towards women of gender schematic vs aschematic individuals. After the fourfold gender typology (1970s), a dual model —gender schematic versus aschematic individuals— emerged in the 1980s. In this research, the relationship between gender schemas and attitudes towards women’s rights were tested. Two studies were carried out (2001 and 2009) with adolescents (boys and girls) from 12 to 14 years old, with 359 participants in 2001 and 224 in 2009, using two instruments: the Bem Sex Role Inventory and the Attitudes Towards Women Scale. Factor analysis and ANOVAs were carried out. The results of both studies supported the hypothesis that girls maintain more favourable attitudes about themselves than boys do. Both studies supported the hypothesis that feminine and androgynous individuals display similar attitudes towards women, but they differ from the other gender categories. Masculine boys and feminine girls did not show differences in attitudes towards women in comparison to aschematic or cross-gendered adolescents. Inconsistent results were found between studies regarding the hypothesized differences between typical and atypical schematics in attitudes towards women, as well as between undifferentiated and gender schematic individuals. The implications of these results for the instruments used, as well as for theories, are considered.